High pressure tubular boiler



July 28,1931. IMQEULE 1,816,520

HIGH PRESSURE TUBULAR BOILER 4 'Filed Nov. 14, 1927 4.Sheets-Sheet 1 July 28, 1931. U l M. EULE' 6,

HIGH PRESSURE TUBULAR BOILER F116dNOV.- 14,l927 4Sheets-Sheet 2 31.. i L fa Z .;.s a; p V 'i- I d $79 ;JQ "5 July 28, 1931. M. EULE 1,816,520

HIGH PRESSURE TUBULAR BOILER 4 Filed Nov. 14, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 fly? E9: 2

July 28, 1931 M. EULE 1,816,520

' 1 1cm PRESSURE TUBULAR 30mm Y Filed Nov. 14, 1927 .4 Sheets-Sheet 4 7 sewn/[4774 0 wmwroz BY'JIIJATTOEIVEE ber and superheater tubeslocated in flues of Patented July 28,1931 I umra o v STATES roimrrou'or GERMANY ArEur @oFFIci-z -MARTIN EULE, 0F BERIIZLIIZN- SIPANDA'U,- GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SIEMEKS-SCHUCKERT- WERKE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, 0]? BE BLIN-SIEMENSSTADT, GERMANY, A GOR- HIGH PRESSURE TUBULAR scrum Application filed November 14, 1927, Serial No.

- My invention relates to a high pressure tubular boiler and more particularly to such a boiler designed as a vertical shaft boiler with heater tubes arranged inthe radiation chainthe boiler.

The'object of my invention is to simplify the guidance or conduct of the gases and the construction ofthe entire steam generator. This task is solved by the gases of combustion flowingwith a single reversal at the end of the radiation chamber in one stream through design specified.

the generator on the lines 22 and 33, re-

' nested into each other,

These drawings represent in:

Fig. 1, a longitudinal vertical section through the complete steam generator embodying my invention,

Figs. 2 and 3 horizontal sections through spectively of Figure 1,

I Fig. 4, an enlarged horizontal section through a portion of the air collecting and distributing boxes, on the line 2-2 Figure 1.'

Fig. 5, an enlarged vertical section through a part of the roof portion of the combustion and steam' generating chamber shown in Fig. 1 4

Figs 6* and 7 M differently shaped sectional portions of the steam generating tubes in. front (a) and side (1;) elevation respec tively, I

t Fig. 8 a front elevation of the upper part of the sectional portions of Figs. 6 and 7 Fig. 9 a section of the radiating chamber dome on the line 9-9 in Fig. 5, and in Fig. 10 an enlarged view of the steam distributor 44, Fig. 1.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings, in which the straight course of the gases is particularly clearly shown, which follows from the design of the steam generator,- 1 is the scribed later.

radiation chamber in which the combustion occurs and from which the, gases passwin a 1 single turn around the lower edge into the superheater portion 2 arranged in an annular flue in series with the-radiation chamber,

traverse the air heater 3 and pass through the flues 4 into the stack 5. The necessary draft is produced by the fan or propeller 6.

' The steam generator is constructed as fol lows. Double T-girders 7, Figs. 2 and 3, extend from the foundation upwards and support the roof structure. From this roof structure are suspended substantially allthe parts constituting the steam generator.

These parts are thus supported from the top" and not from thebottom, as usual, which is.

one of the main characteristics of my imroved steam generator. mg tubes 47 form the vertical wall of the radiation chamber 1 which chamber is sup-- plied with heat from the top, as will be de- The flue located externally to The steam generat the radiation chamber forms an annular I chamber around it and is subdivided into separate sections or compartments A, B, C

and so on in which are located alternately superheater coil systems 8 and intermediate .superheater coil systems 9.. The superheaters consist of individual coils suspended from two carrier rings 10. The inner carrier ring is supported by tubular suspension elements 11 from the roof structure and the outer ring is supported by the upright gird ers 7. Since it is practically impossible to'en-- tirely protect the suspension tubes from exposure to the heat, cooling air is forced through them. This feature is not illustrated as it is an obvious expedient.

The flue gas compartments containing the superheaters open at the top into the air heaters 3 from the top of which extend-flue are enclosed towards the outside by'walls con- 9 v sisting of heat insulated iron panels 12 built up ofindividual sections which are so arranged that they may be removed as a whole or at least in large sized slabs or panels. In orderto be able to utilize the remaining heat which is conducted through the brickwork and also the amount of heat which tends to be conveyed through the outside walls of the superheater and the air heater, the individual section walls are provided on the outside with air jackets 13 which are traversed by the cold air of combustion (see dash dot line Figure 1) before it reaches the air heaters 3. The individual sections of the furnace shaft are thus insulated from the external air by a jacket of air.

From the air heaters 3 the highly heated air is conducted (as shown by the dash-dot arrow line) into the air collecting boxes 14 (see also Figure 4) from whichit is conducted as primary air into the pulverized coal burners 15 and as secondary air directly into the combustion chamber, as will be described in detail later. v

The ashes are collected in an ash hopper 16 after they have been cooled down by the loops '17 and 18 formed by the heater tubes 47. Experience has proven that not all the ashes are precipitated, but that a portion is carried along by the combustion gases in the form offlue ashes. In order to separate these ashes from the flue gases after they have reached the foot of the stack, the ash laden gases are forced to alter their direction of travel and to reducetheir velocity. For this purpose a cone shaped baflie element 19 is provided with lateral openings 20 through which the deflected gases pass in the direction of the arrow lines from the stack into a large chamber 21.

Owing to the great reduction in velocity and.

sharp diversion the flue ashes are precipitated, collect in the hop ers 23 and, may be removed from there by ushing with water. The flue gases re-enter the stack through openings 22 and are discharged by it into the atmosphere. The reversal of the direction of the flow of the gases is further assisted by here) boxes or chests 14 is particularly clearlyshown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. To the stay plates 25, extending inwardly from the inner walls of air heaters 3, vertical angle irons 26 are attached. Over these angleirons are slipped cast-iron plates 27 which are held on the angle-irons by claw-like extensions 28. The cast-iron plates 27 are inserted from the top and are maintained in position by gravity. The stay plates 25 are perforated so that a substantially continuous annular chamber 14 is formed around the radiation chamber, which contains the highly heated air of combustion. The supply of the secondary air to the combustion chamber is effected by nozzles 29 pivoted in openings provided in the :cast-iron plates 27, and through which the air can pass from the annular chamber into the combustion chamber. The mechanism for adjusting the nozzles 29 is clearly shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. The nozzles 29 are linked to a common shaft 30 which can be moved by means of a link system 30 in the direction of the double arrow in Figure 4. By the aid of these rocking nozzles it is possible to point the entering air jets in the proper direction to-produce different whirls of the combustible mixture within the combustion chamber.

The nozzles may be located in the walls of the air collecting boxes in such a manner that the combustion process in the furnace may be, observed through them. For this purpose an inspection opening 29 is provided in the rear or outer wall of the collecting boxes the axis of which coincides with the axiso'f the nozzle when the latter is in a certain position as indicated by the dash-dot line in Fig. 4.

The design of the steam generating elements proper is shown in greater detail in the Figs. 6 to 8 of the drawings. The generating tubes 47 are arranged in the radiation chamber in such a manner that they envelop the chamber closely spaced from one, another and so to virtually form the chamber wall, as shown particularly clearly in Fig. 4. The radiation chamber is closely sur "rounded by a shell of cast-iron plates 27 which form the inner walls of the air collecting boxes 14 and to which the heater tubes are attached by straps or other suitable conventional means not shown here.

The difficulties which would arise in short bending the heater tubes so that they are located closely together are according to my invention eliminated in the following manner. The total number of generator tubes disposed around the inner circumference of the radiation chamber 1 is circumferentially divided into a suitable number of sections, for con- Venience of installation, repair and other rea sons. I The upper portionof such a section, seen from the center of the chamber is shown in Figure 8. Each of these sections is composed of two distinctly separate units 47 a and 47 (see Figs. 7? and 6 respectively) nested into each other and coupled together as will be described presently. The tube, comprising a unit is bent at the upper and lower end of the unit into a number of loops projecting from the chamber wall into the chamber 1 as will be seen for instance from Figures 1 and 6 The upper loops areofldifierent size (7) and to adapt themselves to the radiation chamber dome for the purpose of prothey are bent so that the next vertical straight tube length continuing from the loop is located in another radial plane (with respect -to the chamber), so that adjacent vertical tube lengths 47 are spaced apart a sufiicient distance (see Figure 6) to permit the accommodation of another vertical tube length in this interstitial space. The other section unit shown in Figures 7 7 b is similarly bent, having the small loops (1 at the ends and having the vertical straight tube lengths 47 spaced similarly as described with reference to Figure 6. Two of such units Figures 6 and 7 are nested into each other, with the vertical lengths 47 placed into the spaces ,between vertical lengths 47", so that the radiation chamber is entirely encompassed by a substantially closed row of vertical tubes,

when all sections are installed. Figure 8 shows the two units. nested'into each other, with the ends of the tube units protruding upwardly so that they can be conveniently connected into the generating system. In this manner the units can be very easily manufactured in quantity and easily in-v stalled or replaced incase of defects.

Fig. of the drawings which shows the operating gear for the rocking nozzles also illustrates 'the suspension 'of the generator tubes and the construction of the top arch. On the suspension rods 32 hangs a carrier ring 33 from which the generator tubes are suspended, the ring resting with. its outer periphery upon brackets 34 fastened to the uprights 7 carrying the roof (not'shownin Figure 5). i From the'bracket 34 are suspended by rods 35 supports 36 which engage the upper bends of the tube sections either at the outer side of-the bend such as tube loops a or at the inner side of the bend, suchas tube loops 5, so that the tube sections are-firmly suspended. To these supports 36 are further more attached by an intermediate link the supporting bails 37 which carry therefractory bricks 38 of which the main arch portion of the shaft is built. These bails 37 are provided with projections 39 adapted to en gage correspondingly shaped grooves in the bricks 38. Below the'supporting bails 39 are locatedthe tube bends c. Fig. 9 shows this construction in a transverse section on 37 is enclosed by the bricks of the arch from three. sides while it is screened from the radiation chamber by a tube loop 0 traversed by the liquid operating medium. The bails 37 are thus effectively protected from the action of the furnace heat.

Fig. 5 of the drawings also shows the construction of the central arch portion at the.

top of the radiation chamber. This arch is formed by a mushroom-like individual .element 40 which is suspended by rods 41. This arch 40 contains the burners 15. It may be raised by screws so that defective bricks may easily be replaced and the burnersv repaired.

Above the arch 40 is located a distributing device-44 for steam. and water, see Figs. 1 and 10, which operates in the following manner. As shown in larger scale in Figure 10, the distributor consists of six superimposed separate chambers IVIto each of which the desired tube sections or units of the sections,

of which the generating and superheating system is composed are connected for ining chamber. a For instance in this case the water would enter by way of the pipesection forming loops 0 and 7) (Figs. 5, 6 6") so that thus the dome brick work 38 and its supports 37 are effectively cooled. The

steam generated is collected in the next compartment II whence it passes to compartment III by way of throttle D through which its pressure is reduced to that required by the prime mover. From compartment III the steam passes to the superheating coil systems 8 (Figure 3) .whence it returns'into com-' partment IV from which'it is supplied at M to the prime mover. In case intermediate superheating between the prime mover stages is required the steam returns by way of Z to compartment V of the distributor, whence it is distributed over the intermediate su erheating. coil systems 9- (Figure 3) provided for that purpose. The re-superheated steam is collected in compartment VI whence it is returned over A to the remaining prime mover stages. I The substantial advantage of this arrangement resides in the fact that a uniform distribution of the working medium over all the portions of the systemof pipes is ensured, a feature which is of particular importance when .the steam is generated under forced circulation and at critical pressure and temperature.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings is also illustraied a circular. runway 48. for a-crane car by means of which allparts of the shaft may be reached, so that defective parts may easily be repaired or exchanged.

art.

Various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention, and I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereon as are imposed by the prior I claim as my invention p 1. A tubular steam generator for generating steam at high pressure and temperature,

having a combustion chamber of symmetrical cross-sectional contour with respect to itsthe heat absorbing tubes in alternate gas chambers acting as steam super-heaters and steam re-superheaters.

2. A tubular steam generator for generating steam at high pressure and-temperature,

having a combustion chamber of symmetrical cross-sectional contour with respect to its axis and having its walls composed of a closely spaced row of steam generating tubes, and a plurality of combustion gas chambers spaced around said combustion chamber and containing further heat absorbing tubes, and bein constructed to directly receive the combustlon gases from said combustion chamber, and collectors and distributors for the operat-' ing medium located outside but in the central axis and both at one end of saidcombustion chamber, the inlets and outlets of said generating tubes and heat absorbing tubes being connected to said collectors and distributors.

3, A tubular steam generator for generating steam of high ressure and high superheat having a com ustion chamber of symmetrical cross-section, a lurality of inclividual combustion gas chambers disposed about the combustion chamber, heating tubes disposed in said chambers and a plurality of air preheaters dis osed in line with said gas chambers, the com ustion gases passing from the combustion chamber directly into the gas chambers, whereb the direction of gas, flowing from the com ustion chamber to the gas chambers is diverted 180 and the gas flow from the gas chamber through said air preheaters occurs in a straight line, and hot air collecting and distributing boxes disposed between andhaving their walls substantially in common with said air preheaters and said combustion chamber and intercommunicating witheach other and being adaptedto receive heated air from said preheaters and having means for distributing it over said combustion chamber. I

4. A tubular steam generator for generating steam of high pressure and high temperature having a combustion chamber of symmetrical cross-section and having the walls of the chamber composed of steam generatin tubes, a plurality of substantially radia walls forming individual combustion as chambers disposed about said combustlon chamber and heating tubes arranged in said vchambers, and a plurality of air preheaters disposed in line with said gas chambers so that the combustion gases pass from the 1 combustion chamber throu h the as chambers and air preheaters, an a roo structure above said generator, a roof supporting structure surrounding said generator, and

means for suspending said generator tubes, said heating tubes and said air heaters from said roof supporting structure.

5. A tubular steam generator for enerat ing steam of high pressure and, hig superheat haying a combustion chamber of symmetric cross-section, a plurality of substantially ra dial walls forming individual combus'tion gas chambers disposed about the combustion chamber, heating tubes disposed in said chambers and aplurality' of-air preheatersdisposed in line with said gas chambers, the combustion gases passing from the combustion chamber directly into the gas chambers, whereby the direction of gas, flowing from the combustion chamber to the gas chambers is diverted 180 and-the gas flow from the gas chamber through said air preheaters occurs in a straight km, and hot air collecting and distributing boxes disposed between said air preheaters and said combustion chamber and intercommunicating with each other and being adapted to receiveheated air from said preheaters and having means for distributing it over said combustion chamber, said boxes having removable panel walls facing said combustion chamber.

6. A tubular steam generator for generating steam of high pressure and high superheat having a combustion chamber of sym-- metrical crosssection, 'a plurality of substantially radial walls formmgindividual com bustion gas chambers disposed about the combustion chamber, heating tubes disposed in said chambers and a plurality of air preheaters disposed in line with said gas chambers, the combustion gases passing from thecombustion chamber directly into the gas chambers, whereby the direction of gas,

c movablep'anelwalls facing-said combustion panel walls.

chamber, and air distributing nozzles in said '7. A tubular steam generator for generat- .'ing steam of high pressure and high superheat having a combustion'chamber of symmetrical cross-section, a plurality of sub stantially radial walls forming individual combustion gas chambers, disposed about the combustion chamber, heating tubes disposed in said chambers and a plurality of ail-preheaters disposed in line with said gas chambers, the combustion gases passing from the combustion chamberdirectly into the gas chambers, whereby the direction of gas, flowing from the combustion chamber to the gas chambers is diverted 180 and the gas flow from the gas chamber through said air preheaters-occurs in a straight line, and hot air collecting and distributing boxes disposed between said air preheaters and said combusw tion chamber and intercommunicating with each other and being adapted to receive heated air from said preheaters and having means for distributing it over 'said combustion chamber, said boxes having removable panel'walls facing said combustion chamber,

' rection. o

8. .A' tubular steam generator for generatand air distributing nozzles in said panel walls, and means for moving said nozzles, whereby the air jets delivered into'combustion chamber can be'given the'desired diing steam at highpressure and temperature, having a combustion chamber of symmetrical contour with respect to its axis. and having its walls composed of a closely spaced row of steam generating tubes, and a plural- ,ity of substantially radial walls forming. combustion gas chambers spaced around said combustion chamber and containing further heat absorbing tubes, so that said chambers directly receive the combustion gases from i said combustion chamber, the total of the liquid being converted into vapor in the tubes which form the combustion chamber, the heat absorbing tubes in alternate gas cham -bers acting assteam superheaters and steam re-superheaters, said vapor generating tubes being divided into a plurality of grbups' connected in parallel with each other.

,of steam generating tubes enclosing a space shield the refractory material from the to form a combustion chamber, and means for supplying fuel tojsaid chamber, said tubes being arranged in a plurality of groups, each group consisting of two unitsand each unit 7 comprising a number of straight parallel tube lengths spaced apart approximately the thickness of. a tube, said lengths being connected by loops formed at their ends, the

loops extending radially into said chamber,

one unitbeing nested into the spaces between the tube lengths of the other unit, and one unit having larger loops extending into said chamber further than those of the other unit.

11. A steam generator having a plurality of steam generating tubes enclosing a space to form a combustion chamber, and means for v supplying fuel to said chamber, said chamber having a dome composed of refractory material, said tubes being arranged in a plurality of groups each group consisting of two units and each group comprising a number of straight parallel tube lengths spaced apart approximately the thickness of the tube, and being connected by loops formed at their ends, the loops extending radially into said chamber, one unit being nested into the spaces between the tube lengths of the other .unit, and one unit having larger loops extending into said chamber further than thoseof theothe r unit, said larger loops being shaped in configuration with said dome to heat developed in the chamber.

12. 'Asteamgenerator having a plurality of steam generating tubes enclosing a space to form a combustion chamber, and means for supplying fuel to said chamber, said chamber having a dome composed of refractory material, said tubes being arranged in a plurality of groups each group consisting of two units and each group comprising a number of straight parallel tube lengths spaced apart approximately the thickness of the tube, and being connected by loops formed attheir ends, the loops extending radially into said chamber, one unit being nested into the spaces between the tube lengths of the other unit, and one unit having larger loops extending into said chamber further than those of the other unit, said larger loops being shaped in configuration with said dome toshield the refractory material from theheat developed in the chamber, and carriers fixed above said dome and adapted to engage the upper loops of both units 'to support each group of tubes in position.

13. A steam generator having a-plurality of steam generating tubes enclosing a space to form a combustion chamber, and means 'for supplying fuel to said chamber, said tubes being arranged in -a plurality of groups, each group consisting of two units and each unit comprising a number of straight parallel tube lengths spaced apart approximately the thickness of a tube, said lengths being connected by loops formed at their ends, the

loops extending radially into said chamber,

one unit being nested into the spaces between the tube lengths of the other unit, and one unit having larger loops extending into said chamber further than those of the other unit,

said chamber having a dome composed of bricks of refractory material and carriers fixed above said dome for supporting said bricks, some of said larger tube loops extending in front of said carriers to shield them from the heat developed in said chamber.

14. In a steam generator a combustion chamber having a dome and having a part of said dome and the chamber walls formed of steam generating tubes, the central por- .tion of said dome comprising a removable element of refractory material and havin means for introducing the fuel into sai o chamber.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

- MARTIN EULE. 

